PPL 150 / 177 permanent IDsPrize Problem Ledger · PPLChecked 2026.07.26
Prize Problem LedgerIndependentPPL 150Shallit #18 · Shortest forbidden factor bounds

Permanent problem IDPPL 150

Source-statedIndependentconjecture

Formal languages

Shallit #18 · Shortest forbidden factor bounds

Close the gap between quadratic lower examples and the doubly exponential upper bound for the shortest word missing from the factors of L*.

automata theorytheoretical computer scienceformal languages
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The problem

Close the gap between quadratic lower examples and the doubly exponential upper bound for the shortest word missing from the factors of L*.

Open since2012historical source
Last checked2026.07.26Catalog verification
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Reward offers

Offer 01£200Jeffrey Shallit
Personal offer

Personal cash offer stated in Shallit’s official talk. The live talks page records subsequent updates, including a paid solution to one omitted problem; confirm claim procedure with the sponsor before relying on the award.

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Sources & reading